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Vote now to reopen Portage & Main to pedestrians!
by Beth McKechnie 14 Aug '13

14 Aug '13

http://globalnews.ca/news/778573/pressure-building-to-reopen-portage-and-ma… Pressure building to reopen Portage and Main to pedestrians [image: Lorraine_personalities 220x260px]<http://globalnews.ca/author/lorraine-nickel/> By Lorraine Nickel <http://globalnews.ca/author/lorraine-nickel/> Reporter/Anchor WINNIPEG — Portage and Main is famous as Canada’s windiest corner and the heart of downtown Winnipeg but for 34 years, something’s been missing. “Portage and Main which was, it still probably is, the symbolic heart of the city has become a place for cars, not a place for people,” said Prof. Richard Milgrom, the head of the department of city planning at the University of Manitoba. For decades, people crossed Portage Avenue and Main Street freely. Then in 1979, the city signed a contract with area businesses that closed the intersection to pedestrians for 40 years and built the underground concourse. The contract expires in six years and key players are talking about plans to reopen the famous intersection to pedestrians. “85 per cent of our BIZ members would like to see Portage and Main reopened. Part of what makes downtown vibrant and excited is the ability for people just to walk around,” said Stefano Grande of the Downtown BIZ. Some city councillors are on board but say discussions haven’t started at city hall yet. “I like the idea of putting people on Portage and Main. You could do it on a gradual basis, like starting at six or on weekends,” said St. Boniface Coun. Dan Vandal. “I would love to have that happen somehow,” said River Heights Coun. John Orlikow. “I know there’s issues down below with some of the shopkeepers.” To take down the barricades, all the property owners on the famous corner must first agree. The Bank of Montreal and Creswin Properties (owners of the office tower at 201 Portage Ave.) want it opened. But the Richardson Centre “wants things to stay the same” and Artis REIT, the owner of the underground shops of Winnipeg Square, said “it’s premature to discuss the idea.” A lot has changed downtown since the 1970s, with the MTS Centre being built, several new condo and apartment developments going up and the Human Rights Museum slated to open next year. “The downtown in the last seven years has become a much more vibrant place,” said Jino Distasio, urban studies professor at the University of Winnipeg. But it’s not that simple, he admits. “There will be some growing pains. It’ll be some frustrated drivers who are going to have to wait on a corner that they’ve been able to speed through.” Former Mayor Glen Murray tried to open the intersection in 2002, asking architects to design a safe pedestrian crossing, but the 40-year agreement derailed those plans. “I’m disappointed it didn’t happen because I think it was critical for the city,” said Murray. “You can’t find a major city in the world anymore that has blocked off a street, never mind its main corner.” So will seeing people crossing Portage and Main remain a distant memory, or is there a new future for this famous intersection? “I think it has to happen if our downtown is going to become a vibrant place, an exciting place,” said Grande. http://globalnews.ca/news/778573/pressure-building-to-reopen-portage-and-ma…

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Bike theft deterrents
by Dave Elmore 14 Aug '13

14 Aug '13

http://www.thestarphoenix.com/news/Slamming+brakes+stolen+bikes/8781652/stor y.html Slamming the brakes on stolen bikes Some cities, and even the University of Saskatchewan's Campus Safety, have experimented with bait bikes, equipped with GPS to track down thieves. (AP file Photo) As bike thefts in Saskatoon skyrocket this summer, some cities across the world are taking a more creative approach to deter cycle thieves. According to Saskatoon police, reports of stolen bicycles jumped 80 per cent this year between June 1 and July 31, compared to the same time frame last year - to 149 from 83. Reported bike thefts during the same two-month period on the University of Saskatchewan campus also doubled - to 10 from five. City police are repeating the usual message, warning bicyclists to always lock up their bikes and make note of their ride's serial number. Fenced areas devoted solely to private bicycle parking can be found scattered throughout the city. Bike lockers can also be rented on the University of Saskatchewan grounds, and Campus Safety has experimented with bait bikes - rides equipped with GPS to track thefts - in the past. Cities around the world have used these same methods to deter bike thieves, but some aren't satisfied with the same old tricks. Researchers at Newcastle University in the U.K. recently targeted thief psychology with a simple poster, staring down potential stealers. The posters, each featuring a pair of watchful eyes and equipped with the warning, 'Cycle Thieves: We are watching you,' were placed around campus, and led to a 62 per cent reduction in bike thefts over two years in areas where posters could be found. "It's amazing that just a picture would have a bigger effect than a camera recording people," Melissa Bateson, an ethology professor at Newcastle University and one of the study's authors, told the Toronto Star in April. Police in Cambridge, Mass. instituted a similar strategy in one of the city's most frequently cycled areas. Two cardboard cut-outs of a Massachusetts transit police officer were placed in the bicycle cages at the Alewife Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority subway and bus station, where hundreds of people use the racks daily and bikes are frequently stolen. Police only saw one reported bike theft between July 5, when the cut-outs were placed in the cages, and Aug. 4, according to Deputy Chief Robert Lenehan. Last year, six bikes were stolen from the area over the same time period. "All you see is this imposing figure of a police officer," Lenehan told the StarPhoenix. He said the number of reported bike thefts also decreased by 56 per cent in the Alewife station over a oneyear period from July 2012 to July 2013 with the introduction of more patrol officers. He said there is no single best method to reduce bike thefts. "You can never arrest yourself out of a crime problem," Lenehan said. "There is no one magical way out of it. If the cut-out is deterring two or three bike thefts a month, or even two or three bike thefts each quarter, it's still part of the overall approach to try to drive down the crime." MBTA transit police were even able to stop a Craigslist bike thief a few years ago by following him online. The thief was snapping photos of bicycles locked up on the street and posting the photos to Craigslist, a popular classifieds website. When users on the site wanted to buy a bike, the man stole it. "You have to be aware. Every time you think you've locked the doors, you find out there is a window open somewhere," Lenehan said. Thanks Dave o _ ( \ _ (X)\ /(X)

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Flin Flon Reminder - Why not leave the car at home?
by Beth McKechnie 14 Aug '13

14 Aug '13

*From:* Reaney, Vicky (MLG) *Sent:* Tuesday, August 13, 2013 5:06 PM ** ****

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Active Commuting Cuts Risk of Diabetes, High Blood Pressure
by Beth McKechnie 09 Aug '13

09 Aug '13

Ditch the Car: Active Commuting Cuts Risk of Diabetes, High Blood Pressure By Tamarra Kemsley<http://www.natureworldnews.com/reporters/tamarra-kemsley> http://www.natureworldnews.com/articles/3387/20130808/ditch-car-active-comm… By forgoing the car and opting for a more active commute, a person can cut their risk of developing diabetes by as much as 40 percent, a new study [ http://www.ajpmonline.org/webfiles/images/journals/amepre/AMEPRE_3837-stamp…] published in the *American Journal of Preventative Medicine* shows. Led by researchers at Imperial College London and University College London, the report examines how 20,000 people throughout the UK traveled to work and compared this to a number of health indicators, many of which put a person at greater risk for developing type 2 diabetes. In doing so, they found that cycling, walking and using public transport were all associated with a lower risk of being overweight than driving or taking a taxi. Specifically, the data showed that 19 percent of working age adults who used private transportation -- such as cars, motorcycles or taxis -- to get to work were obese, compared to 15 percent of those who walked and 13 percent of those who cycled to work. Meanwhile, people who walked to work were also 17 percent less likely than people who drive to have high blood pressure. All told, cyclists were around half as likely to have diabetes as drivers. Based on these findings, the researchers argue that people can reduce their risk of serious health problems such as heart attacks as well as diabetes by simply avoiding the use of a car. "This study highlights that building physical activity into the daily routine by walking, cycling or using public transport to get to work is good for personal health," said Anthony Laverty, from the School of Public Health at Imperial College London. Though, the researchers note, not everyone has the option to pursue these more active forms of commuting. Public transportation, they found, was used most in London, at 52 percent, compared with just 5 percent in Northern Ireland. "The variations between regions suggest that infrastructure and investment in public transport, walking and cycling can play a large role in encouraging healthy lives, and that encouraging people out of the car can be good for them as well as the environment," Laverty concluded.

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Summer Photo Contest (Please distribute widely)
by Shoni Litinsky 06 Aug '13

06 Aug '13

[image: Inline images 3] Summer is here and with it comes the fun of commuting outdoors! Peg City Car Co-op wants to see photos of your summer commute featuring themes of biking, walking, and busing. It's easy. Check out our Facebook page here <http://a.pgtb.me/7q2dNs> to enter the contest. Enter your photo and get your friends to vote for it. Photos with the most votes will win a MEC gift certificate each week! Enter as many photos as you like to win multiple prizes! Our grand prizes will be awarded to three lucky finalists including: 1. One years worth of Driving Credit with Peg City Car Co-op 2. One $500 Custom Bike from Natural Cycle 3. One Winnipeg Transit Half-Year Bus Pass Grand Prize winners will be chosen by our stellar Jury Panel that boast local artists, Josh Ruth (Art City), Natalie Baird, Lucas Pauls (The Distillery), and Shawna Dempsey. We can't wait to see your snapshots! Peg City Car Co-op -- Emma Bonnemaison *Marketing Coordinator * emma(a)pegcitycarcoop.ca +1.778.891.0337 <http://pegcitycarcoop.ca/> -- *Shoni Litinsky* | Active and Safe Routes to School Green Action Centre <http://greenactioncentre.ca/> 3rd floor, 303 Portage Avenue* | *(204) 925-3773 Green Action Centre is your non-profit hub for greener living. Support our work by becoming a member<http://greenactioncentre.ca/support/memberships/> Find us here<http://greenactioncentre.ca/content/ecocentre-directions-and-travel-options/>

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G&M: Vancouver's bike lanes have made it a city to watch (Aug2'13)
by Beth McKechnie 05 Aug '13

05 Aug '13

Vancouver’s bike lanes have made it a city to watch FRANCES BULA VANCOUVER — Special to The Globe and Mail Published Friday, Aug. 02 2013 http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/why-vancouvers-bike-la… To many cities, building bike lanes isn’t about serving a small slice of the hipster set. It’s about showing that the city is planning for a different, more sustainable transportation future and serving an increasingly important demographic. City cycling is no fad, say municipal officials and cycling experts around the continent: It’s here to stay and should be embraced. “All of us, in every city around North America, because of demographic forces, are really seeing an increase in cycling,” says Andrew Stober, chief of staff for the mayor’s office on transportation in Philadelphia. “This is not a case of ‘Build it and they will come.’ We are seeing that we need to build something because they’re already here.’” As cities get more dense, more people are coming to the conclusion that a bicycle is often the most efficient and cheapest way to travel within the five-kilometre radius where they increasingly spend most of their time. And businesses, looking around the globe at where to locate, factor in the effort that cities are making to provide for their potential bike-riding employees. Philadelphia recently got shortlisted as a new location for a major brewery’s East Coast base because of its robust bike-route network. As a result, Mr. Stober and many other city officials say they are constantly scanning the horizon to see what other cities are doing. One of the places they always look: Vancouver. Vancouver doesn’t have the biggest cycling network. Montreal has far more concrete barrier-protected lanes; New York has more miles of bike routes overall. It doesn’t have the highest percentage of cycle trips (as opposed to walking, driving and taking transit). Copenhagen, with 40 per cent, and even Berlin, with 15 per cent of trips by bicycle, far outstrip Vancouver, which is currently closing in on 5 per cent. It doesn’t have a bike-share program yet, like other cities aggressively pushing cycling. But Vancouver was one of the first cities in North America to create a low-cost, low-impact network by creating bikeways along residential streets with relatively light traffic volumes – a system that Portland, Ore., copied. That system has helped push cycling trips in some parts of the city – Commercial Drive, Kitsilano – to the 12- to 15-per-cent range. “It really has led the way in North American in local-street bikeways,” says John Pucher, a Rutgers University urban planning professor and author of *City Cycling*. But in the last five years, the city has moved into a tougher phase: increasing barrier-separated lanes and other route improvements that visibly take space away from cars. It’s the kind of cycling infrastructure that Mr. Pucher and other researchers say is the safest and the type most likely to encourage regular people, especially women, to try cycling. Vancouver’s efforts have meant fights with residents, downtown businesses, and political opponents who accuse Mayor Gregor Robertson and his Vision Vancouver councillors of catering to the city’s tiny minority of cyclists. This week, city council’s decision to approve a new section of bikeway alongside some of the city’s most expensive properties – and some of its most vehemently opposed residents – was watched carefully across the continent. “They’re one of the leaders,” says Laura Spanjian, sustainability director for the City of Houston, which has built 300 miles of bikeways recently and introduced a small but enthusiastically welcomed bike-share program this spring. “That huge controversy they had … it’s kind of fantastic for the country. It shows that even when there’s opposition, if you have strong leadership, you can move ahead and show the success later. It helps other cities when you have wins like this.” Vancouver is one of the models for smaller or more car-oriented cities that have decided unilaterally to create a cycling culture. Amsterdam and Copenhagen, the current superstars among cycling cities, are admired, but not always seen as examples that can be emulated. Amsterdam, where 57 per cent of all trips are done by bicycle, has had a strong cycling culture since the bicycle was invented. Its city governments over the years have mostly strengthened that. Copenhagen, which has reached the 40-per-cent mark for cycling trips, made more of a leap, but it had a long history of building separated bike lanes – called “cycle tracks” by the experts – in its central city. As well, like many European cities, its public spaces were never taken over by the car to the extent that North America’s were when cars began fighting for and winning dominance on the roads over pedestrians and streetcars in the 1920s and ’30s. But Vancouver, and other cities like New York, Chicago, Berlin, Seville, Barcelona, Montreal, and Portland that have had to fight to create a cycling culture, are the ones showing the way to cities anxious to transform transportation in their metropolises. Paris and London mayors may have embraced the bicycle, but they didn’t have the problems of New York – taxi drivers, truckers and rich people who fought against bike lanes. With the fierce Transportation Commissioner Janette Sadik-Khan leading the way since 2007, New York has added nearly 350 miles of on-street bike lanes to its city, including 25 miles of protected lanes, for a total of about 850 miles. It has shut down some streets entirely for car-free days on occasion. But not without some serious skirmishing. Wealthy residents in the Park Slope area of Brooklyn sued over one section of proposed bike lane – a case the city won. Complaints were also in full flood for the bike-share system, introduced this spring, from worries that the docking stations were taking up too much sidewalk space to griping about the technical problems with the stations. But something is working. Statistics show the number of bike riders crossing into Manhattan during a average 12-hour period doubled from 16,000 to 32,000 between 2005 and 2012, a number that is likely to be up again once the 2013 numbers are counted. “New York City’s streets are now the safest they’ve been, with the last five years recording the fewest traffic fatalities since records were first kept in 1910,” adds Department of Transportation spokesman Scott Gastel. As Vancouverites were lining up pro and con to argue about the city’s new Seaside Greenway last week, a University of B.C. researcher pointed out that Vancouver – contrary to public opinion – has been rather timid in its push for separated bike lanes. “Since 2009, Vancouver has added six kilometres of separated bike lanes,” Kay Teschk says. “Seville has built 120 kilometres of separated bike lanes in the same five-year period.” Mr. Pucher, of Rutgers University, calls Seville the most dramatic example of a complete turnaround: Before the city started its cycling improvements, only about 0.5 per cent of all trips were made by bicycle. Now, about 6.5 per cent of trips are bike trips, about 85,000 a day. “Seville is the most interesting because it started with zero tradition of daily, utilitarian cycling,” Mr. Pucher says. That was in keeping with elsewhere in Spain, especially cities like Madrid, where a cyclist on a regular street is a rare sight. Some German cities, like Hamburg and Munich, have been good cycling cities for decades. Hamburg had separated bike lanes, complete with little traffic lights that showed green and red bicycles, back in the 1970s. Not Berlin. “Berlin has turned to it partially because of financial issues,” says Ralph Buehler, an urban affairs professor at Virginia Tech and co-author of *City Cycling*. The city was struggling economically after re-unification. “It found out that building bike infrastructure is much cheaper than highway interchanges or even subways.” Mr. Buehler says. Between 1990 and 2008, the number of cycling trips doubled, accounting by the end of that period for 13 per cent of all trips. The figure is now up to 15 per cent (and as high as 25 in some neighbourhoods), as cyclists now have access to about 620 kilometres of bike lanes. Cycling experts gripe about some aspects of the Berlin system – that it’s inconsistent, with riders sometimes in protected bike lanes, sometimes on the sidewalk, and sometimes on roads with arrows. The group Copenhagenize Design, which rates cities on the cycling facilities, also notes that Berlin is still doing contradictory things, like pouring money into projects for cars. *Related stories*: Bike route approved for Vancouver’s western beaches following passionate debate <http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/vancouver-to-get-bikew…> Vancouver’s bike lanes: Gordon Price on when to ignore the opposition <http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/british-columbia/vancouvers-bike-lanes-…>

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WFP: A little love at the landfill - WRENCH sets out to salvage 900 discarded bikes (Aug.4'13)
by Beth McKechnie 04 Aug '13

04 Aug '13

A little love AT THE LANDFILL WRENCH sets out to salvage 900 discarded bikes By: Bill Redekop http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/local/a-little-love-at-the-landfill-218259… Pat Krawec once found a $5,000 Italian, handmade bicycle at the Brady Road Landfill, but that's not what drives his passion for repairing and salvaging discarded bikes. "It's just such a waste" said Krawec, executive director of the WRENCH (Winnipeg Repair, Education and Cycling Hub), a local group that is to bicycles what Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance was to the 1970s. "We're Winnipeggers. We're thrifty. It's a moral outrage. There's still lots of life left in these bikes," said Krawec. WRENCH held its annual version of the push, pull and drag sale on Saturday but at no charge. Volunteers from Winnipeg's half-dozen community bike shops came by to save and strip parts from bicycles that wound up in the Brady Road Landfill. About 900 bikes were being picked over Saturday, including tricycles, kids bikes, 10-speeds, mountain bikes, trick bikes and even exercise bikes. "The amount of used bikes being thrown away is crazy, and it shows no sign of slowing down," said Krawec. The organization puts a positive spin into the old saying "throw a wrench" into something, which usually means bungling things up. Here, WRENCH fixes the situation. But WRENCH has a larger mission than to just repair bikes. It's more like bicycle maintenance as a "solution" to many of society's ills. Bikes are exercise, fresh air, environmentally friendly, and bicycling helps clear your head. Repairing bikes makes for sustainable cycling. The main component to the non-profit WRENCH is to educate the public to do its own bicycle maintenance. It runs programs for everyone from prison inmates to special-needs people to inner-city kids. WRENCH also runs Build-a-Bike programs for schools and community centres. "One reason the programs work so well is that by working on bicycles, you can get outside yourself. People learn to actually fix stuff," said Krawec. It receives donations from some heavy hitters including the Richardson Foundation and Winnipeg Foundation, and government grants from the Neighbourhoods Alive and waste-reduction programs. Volunteer-run community bike shops that WRENCH assists include The Big Dump, The Bike Dungeon and Bike Lab. "Most of these bikes just need a little love," said Robin Ellis, volunteer co-ordinator for WRENCH, surveying the tangle of bikes at the Brady Road Landfill. Bike culture is growing, said Ellis. For example, she plays in a bike polo league. "It's like hockey on bikes with mallets." It's played on indoor rinks, with a street hockey ball and mallets that are typically ski poles with PVC piping taped to the end. If a player puts a foot down, they have to retreat to an area and touch the boards. One might have predicted everyone at WRENCH pedals to work, as staff don't even own cars. "A lot of people who come to our shops depend on bikes for their transportation," Ellis said. More information is at wrench.ca. bill.redekop(a)freepress.mb.ca *Republished from the Winnipeg Free Press print edition August 4, 2013 A4*

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Fwd: Help divert bikes from the landfill at Empty the Fill - THIS SATURDAY!
by Mark Cohoe 01 Aug '13

01 Aug '13

Help divert bikes from our land fills to our community bike shops by volunteering with the WRENCH this weekend! Mark -------- Original Message -------- Subject: Help divert bikes from the landfill at Empty the Fill - THIS SATURDAY! Date: Wed, 31 Jul 2013 15:10:56 -0500 From: Robin Ellis <volunteer(a)thewrench.ca> To: Robin Ellis <wrenchvolunteer(a)gmail.com> Inline image 1 Hey Folks! This Saturday (August 3rd) is the annual massive landfill diversion blitz: EMPTY THE FILL! We will be heading out to the Brady Road Landfill bicycle compound to STRIP, SORT, STACK and SCRAP bikes to fill the racks and shelves of community bike shops in Winnipeg. Come see what's in our waste stream as we turn garbage into the stuff of dreams! We can use as many volunteers as possible, and no prior bicycle knowledge is necessary! It would also be great to get some more folks with vehicles to transport people, parts or bikes. The WRENCH will be providing bike stands and tools, food, water, and shade for everyone who comes to help out. Be sure to sport sturdy closed toed footwear, a hat, sunscreen, rugged clothing, and a water bottle. Rides will be meeting at the bike dump at 10 am on Saturday morning. Feel free to email/call for more info, and please RSVP via email or phone so we know how many people to expect. Thanks! See you then! -- *Robin Ellis*, Volunteer Coordinator The Winnipeg Repair Education and Cycling Hub 1057 Logan Ave. Winnipeg, MB R3E 3N8 www.thewrench.ca <http://www.thewrench.ca/> 204.296.3389

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Fwd: Cognitive performance is better in girls whose walk to school lasts more than 15 minutes
by Jackie Avent (ASRTS) 01 Aug '13

01 Aug '13

Cognitive Performance Is Better in Girls Whose Walk to School Lasts More Than 15 Minutes Published: July 24, 2013 By University of Granada<http://www.sciencenewsline.com/source/University+of+Granada> http://www.sciencenewsline.com/articles/2013072415030021.html *Cognitive performance of adolescent girls who walk to school is better than that of girls who travel by bus or car. Moreover, cognitive performance is also better in girls who take more than 15 minutes than in those who live closer and have a shorter walk to school.* These are some of the conclusions of a study published in *Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine*. The results come from findings of the nationwide AVENA (Food and Assessment of the NutritionalStatus of Spanish Adolescents) study, in which the University of Granada has participated together with the Autonomous University of Madrid, University of Zaragoza and the Spanish National Research Council in Madrid. They constitute the first international study that associates mode of commuting to school and cognitive performance. The authors analysed a sample of 1700 boys and girls aged between 13 and 18 years (808 boys and 892 girls) in five Spanish cities (Granada, Madrid, Murcia, Santander and Zaragoza). They studied variables of mode of commuting to school, cognitive performance, anthropometrics—like body mass index and percentage of overweight and obesity—and participants' extracurricular physical activity. They also gathered data on their families' socio-economic status using the mother's level of educational achievement (primary school, secondary school or university) and the type of school (state-funded or private) that participants attended. Information on mode of commuting to school came from a question asking participants how they usually travelled to school and giving the following response options: on foot, by bicycle, car, bus or subway, motorcycle, and others. They were also asked how long the journey to school took them. Cognitive performance was measured by applying the Spanish version of an educational ability test. Participants completed this standardized test that measures intelligence and the individual's basic ability for learning. The test assesses command of language, speed in performing mathematical operations, and reasoning. In adolescence, the plasticity of the brain is greatest. The researchers affirm that, during adolescence, "the plasticity of the brain is greater than at any other time of life, which makes it the opportune period to stimulate cognitive function". However, paradoxically, adolescence is the time of life that sees the greatest decline in physical activity, and this is greater in girls. Therefore, the authors of the study think that "inactive adolescents could be missing out on a very important stimulus to improve their learning and cognitive performance". "Commuting to school on foot is a healthy daily habit, which contributes to keeping the adolescent active during the rest of the day and encourages them to participate in physical and sports activities. This boosts the expenditure of energy and, all in all, leads to a better state of health", say Palma Chillón, researcher in the Department of Physical and Sports Education of the University of Granada, and David Martínez-Gómez, of the Department of Physical and Sports Education and Human Movement (Faculty of Teacher Training and Education) of the Autonomous University of Madrid, who have both participated in the study.

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Fwd: PACM Contract position
by Jackie Avent (ASRTS) 01 Aug '13

01 Aug '13

Forwarded on behalf of PACM: Enclosed is the PACM contract position information. Please circulate to candidates who you feel may be suitable. ** ** ** ** ** Casie Nishi**** Executive Director**** Wellness Institute at Seven Oaks General Hospital **** 1075 Leila Avenue Winnipeg, MB R2P 2W7**** Phone: (204) 632-3901 Fax: (204) 697-2412**** Email: cnishi(a)sogh.mb.ca**** www.wellnessinstitute.ca**** ** ** ** ** ** ** This email and/or any documents in this transmission is intended for the addressee(s) only and may contain legally privileged or confidential information. Any unauthorized use, disclosure, distribution, copying or dissemination is strictly prohibited. If you receive this transmission in error, please notify the sender immediately and return the original. Ce courriel et tout document dans cette transmission est destiné à la personne ou aux personnes à qui il est adressé. Il peut contenir des informations privilégiées ou confidentielles. Toute utilisation, divulgation, distribution, copie, ou diffusion non autorisée est strictement défendue. Si vous n'êtes pas le destinataire de ce message, veuillez en informer l'expéditeur immédiatement et lui remettre l'original.

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