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Forbes: Lifetime Cost Of Small Car $689,000; Society Subsidizes This Ownership With $275,000
by Beth McKechnie 08 Feb '22

08 Feb '22

Cars can be convenient, but they are also incredibly costly, both to owners and society in general. New academic research has calculated that the lifetime cost of a small car—such as an Opel Corsa—is about $689,000, of which society pays $275,000. (A Mercedes GLC costs $1+m over an owner's lifetime.) The research focused on Germany, but lead author Stefan Gössling told me the guiding principles work for other countries, too. Writing in *Ecological Economics* <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800921003943?via%3Di…>, Gössling stated that “the car is one of the most expensive household consumer goods, yet there is a limited understanding of its private and social cost per vehicle-km, year, or lifetime of driving.” Motorists, he added, underestimate the total private costs of car ownership, “while policymakers and planners underestimate social costs.” Cars are expensive because of their high ticket price and depreciation and the additional costs incurred by insurance, repairs, and fuel purchases. Mass motoring’s social costs—known to transport wonks as negative externalities—include carbon emissions from burning petrol and diesel, congestion, noise, deaths and injuries from crashes, road damage, and costs to health systems from sloth. Other subsidies, such as the copious provision of free off-street car parking, are often mandated in building codes. America’s 250 million cars are oversupplied with an estimated 2 billion parking spots (think Wal-Mart at Christmas) yet spend 95% of their time going nowhere. Gössling based his cost calculations on an individual driving 15,000 kilometers per year over 50 years. Previous studies using different parameters have reached similar conclusions. In his 2007 book, *Deep Economy*, environmental author and activist Bill McKibben concluded: “Households can save as much as $750,000 over a lifetime if the bus system works well enough to enable people not to buy a second car.” And “Mr. Money Mustache”—real name Pete Adeney and who blogs to 350,000 regular readers, advising them how they can retire when young and yet still live comfortably—has stated <https://www.forbes.com/sites/carltonreid/2019/01/11/money-gurus-1-tip-for-h…> that a typical American couple who commute to work in separate cars and who spend $19 per day in direct driving and car ownership costs would have paid $125,000 each after ten years. Living closer to work and bicycling there would land the couple a cool $250,000. Cars suck Cars suck more cash than most people imagine. On an average income, half of a working week goes on paying for the costs associated with running an automobile, calculated philosopher Ivan Illich in his 1974 book *Energy and Equity*. “The typical American male devotes more than 1,600 hours a year to his car,” wrote Illich <http://www.ecotopia.com/webpress/energyequity/energy_and_equity.txt>. “He spends four of his sixteen waking hours on the road or gathering his resources for it.” And working out the labor required to buy and fuel the car to travel 7,500 miles equated to an average speed of less than five miles per hour, said Illich. Wealth Counting the total and actual cost of a more-expensive-than-understood form of transport is a calculation that can hurt. The bruise was first poked in the 1850s by American essayist Henry David Thoreau who urged citizens to think about the real costs of railroads <https://blogs.loc.gov/inside_adams/2019/08/thoreaus-view-of-the-railroad-th…> via the labor used to build them. “We do not ride on the railroad; it rides upon us,” he explained in his simple-living book, *Walden*. More recently, Adam Ozimek, chief economist at Upwork, tweeted <https://twitter.com/modeledbehavior/status/1303051417897390090> that mass-market car ownership doesn’t make economic sense. “Spending $40,000 on a car seems like the kind of thing to me that, intuitively, you do when you have like a couple million in wealth and make $400,000 a year,” he wrote. “But absolutely normal people do it all the time! Blows me away.” Gössling—a German academic working for the business school at Linnaeus University in Sweden—is also staggered by the acceptance that costly car ownership is considered normal, even for low earners. Yes, much of the built environment entrenches car use, but, famously, many people drive pitifully short journeys when it would be just as easy—and certainly cheaper and healthier—to walk. Getting people out of cars isn’t something that most politicians want to broach, Gössling told me. “It’s a transport taboo; you can’t touch it politically because you’ll get burnt.” A good case in point is road pricing. The U.K. parliament’s transport committee tweeted last night that “it’s time for an honest conversation on motoring taxes” and, in a meaty new report <https://committees.parliament.uk/committee/153/transport-committee/news/160…>, suggested that the time is right for pay-per-mile motoring. Cue “war on motoring” slurs from shock-jocks. It’s an emotive topic. In 2007, 1.8 million U.K. motorists signed a petition against road pricing, fearing the cost of motoring would rise. To head off such arguments, the transport committee’s report stressed that road pricing wouldn’t be used as a mechanism for reducing miles driven. Rather, MPs soothed, most motorists would end up paying the “same or less than they do currently.” Who picks up the shortfall? We all do. Society pays in the form of motoring subsidies, which is unfair for those who don’t drive. “One in five households in Germany doesn’t have a car,” points out Gössling, “yet all are subsidizing car travel.” “For someone earning a lot of money, none of this is that relevant,” said Gössling. “Where the difference is, is for those on low incomes, because for them [paying huge sums over a lifetime for car use] can really hurt.” Instead, he argued, countries and cities should be designed so that “people can be mobile without a car.” However, he warned, “car manufacturers are very anxious about people getting ideas about not owning cars.” “In our research, we’re not saying you should start taking away cars from people, we’re just saying it’s probably more prudent, economically, to invest in those infrastructures that are less costly—such as for active mobility—and where people will make a switch voluntarily.” “Cycling is growing fast in Germany,” volunteered Gössling. “It wasn’t forced on people, it’s what people want. People want to be healthier. Many studies show how active travel is not just physically healthy; it’s also beneficial for mental health. And cycling is ideal for cities; it’s often much faster than driving.” “Change can come quickly,” he said. And the change could be hastened by a better understanding of the total costs of motoring, especially for those who can ill afford such profligacy. “Most lower-income and many moderate-income households are harmed overall by policies that favor automobile travel over more affordable and resource-efficient modes,” concludes Gössling’s study. “Such policies force many households to own more vehicles than they can afford, and imposes large external costs, particularly on people who rely on walking, bicycling and public transit.” https://www.forbes.com/sites/carltonreid/2022/02/04/lifetime-cost-of-small-…

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Feb. 25 webinar. Dream ● Play ● Build: Hands-On Community Engagement for Enduring Spaces and Places
by Beth McKechnie 03 Feb '22

03 Feb '22

[image: Bookmark and Share] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDAsInVy…> FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 25, AT 1:00 P.M. EST ------------------------------ [image: Dream Play Build: Hands-On Community Engagement for Enduring Spaces and Places] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDEsInVy…> Dream ● Play ● Build: Hands-On Community Engagement for Enduring Spaces and Places *Friday, February 25, at 1:00 p.m. EST* *Participants of this live webinar are eligible for 1.5 AICP CM credits.* For two decades, James Rojas and John Kamp have been looking to art, creative expression, and storytelling to shake up the classic community meeting. Join the Maryland Department of Planning and the Smart Growth Network as these two authors share their insights into building common ground and inviting active participation among diverse groups. Their approach, “Place It!,” draws upon three methods: the interactive model-building workshop, the pop-up, and site exploration using the senses. They will offer their lessons learned distilled from workshops held around the world and a deep dive into the transformational approach and results from a community in southern California. *Find out more and register for this free webinar via the link below.* Register for "Dream ● Play ● Build: Hands-On Community Engagement for Enduring Spaces and Places" <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDIsInVy…> ♦ Upcoming Smart Growth Online Webinars ♦ ------------------------------ [image: Multimodal tool excerpt] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDMsInVy…> Thursday, February 3 From Complete Streets to Complete Networks: A Data-Driven, Performance-Based, Multimodal Planning Tool Get more information about this webinar <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDQsInVy…> ------------------------------ *Subscribe to Smart Growth Online Weekly Twitter Updates* <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDUsInVy…> *Smart Growth Information Clearinghouse | 410-767-4949 | SmartGrowth.org* [image: SGIC Logo] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDYsInVy…> The Smart Growth Information Clearinghouse is a project of the Smart Growth Network and is partially funded by the U.S. EPA, Office of Community Revitalization, and managed by the Maryland Department of Planning ------------------------------

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France Forces Auto Advertisers to Encourage Less Driving
by Beth McKechnie 01 Feb '22

01 Feb '22

On Dec. 28, the French government ordered <https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000044590170> automakers to prominently feature one of three approved messages aimed at decreasing vehicle miles traveled in the nation: “For short journeys, prioritize walking or cycling,” “Think about carpooling,” or “Use public transport every day.” Advertisers will also have to use the hashtag #SeDéplacerMoinsPolluer, which roughly translates to “Pollute less when you move.” https://usa.streetsblog.org/2022/01/05/france-to-car-buyers-driving-is-bad-…

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USDOT releases new National Roadway Safety Strategy - Green Car Congress
by Terry Zdan 28 Jan '22

28 Jan '22

https://www.greencarcongress.com/2022/01/20220128-nrss.html

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L.A. Just Ran (and Ended) the Biggest Free-Transit Experiment in the U.S.
by Beth McKechnie 27 Jan '22

27 Jan '22

In March 2020, Los Angeles’ public-transit agency, Metro, stopped collecting fares on its buses as a COVID-19 safety precaution. For the next 22 months, Metro waived fares for anyone who wanted to keep riding its buses, anywhere they wanted to go (as long as they wore a mask, of course). And people did keep riding. Outside of the initial stay-at-home order in the spring of 2020, Metro’s ridership never dipped below 50 percent of before-times ridership, with buses eventually recovering to within 10 to 15 percent of pre-pandemic numbers <https://xtown.la/2021/12/01/free-transit-los-angeles/>. While the agency doesn’t know exactly how many people were riding fare-free buses during this time — because fare collection is one of the ways to track ridership — a spokesperson says that from April 2020 to December 2021, it’s safe to say Metro’s buses provided about 281 million fare-free boardings. This means the agency has inadvertently been conducting what may be the biggest free-transit experiment in U.S. history. Fare collection restarted last week after two unprecedented years in which transit agencies learned a lot about how people moved (or didn’t) around their cities, and now Metro is using some of this information to game out improvements and pilot other free- and reduced-fare programs. ...(According to that same data, New York’s MTA has yet to surpass 60 percent of its pre-pandemic ridership.) That at least suggests that free fares were a factor. Bus ridership also recovered at a faster rate than rail, where fares continued to be collected, says Oscar Zarate, assistant director of organizing with Strategic Actions for a Just Economy: “I don’t think that’s by coincidence. I think it’s because most of the people who ride the bus depend on it because they’re workers and that’s their primary transportation. And because they didn’t have to pay for it, it was really easy to get on and benefit from our public transportation system.” ...L.A.’s Metro is unique among large U.S. transit agencies in that its budget doesn’t rely heavily on the fare box, which made the decision to temporarily waive fares a bit easier in the first place. A ride costs only $1.75, and the total funds collected make up only 6 percent of total revenue — about a third of which goes right back into fare enforcement (although that doesn’t include contracts with law-enforcement agencies <http://allianceforcommunitytransit.org/metro-as-a-sanctuary/>). Adding to Metro’s relatively comfortable financial situation is a local sales tax, Measure M, which was approved by voters in 2016 to generate $120 billion for the system over 40 years. Aside from L.A.’s experiment, the largest permanent free-transit program in the U.S. is run by Kansas City <https://archive.curbed.com/2019/12/6/20998617/kansas-city-missouri-free-pub…>, which is providing free rides <https://www.kcur.org/news/2021-05-31/everyone-gets-a-seat-on-the-bus-for-fr…> for 30,000 to 40,000 passengers a day. Boston is trying it on some dedicated bus routes <https://www.boston.gov/news/mayor-wu-takes-steps-expand-fare-free-bus-servi…>. But New York’s MTA has argued that fares, which bring in $6 billion during a non-pandemic year, are too critical to waive, and is instead cracking down harder on fare evasion, even on buses <https://www.amny.com/lifestyle/travel/mta-wants-to-put-more-cops-on-buses-t…> . Full story: https://www.curbed.com/2022/01/los-angeles-metro-free-transit-buses.html

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Applications now being accepted for the Active Transportation Fund! / Les demandes sont maintenant acceptées pour le Fonds pour le transport actif !
by Beth McKechnie 27 Jan '22

27 Jan '22

---------- Forwarded message --------- From: ATF-FTA (INFC) <ATF-FTA(a)infc.gc.ca> Date: Thu, Jan 27, 2022 at 2:26 PM *(Le français suit.)* *Applications now being accepted for the Active Transportation Fund! * Today, the Honourable Dominic LeBlanc, Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Infrastructure and Communities, opened the call for applications <https://www.canada.ca/en/office-infrastructure/news/2022/01/government-of-c…> for the Active Transportation Fund, as well as other new funding opportunities in support of public transit systems. We are pleased to announce that Infrastructure Canada will be accepting applications for both the planning and capital funding streams of the Active Transportation Fund between *January 27, 2022 and March 31, 2022, at 7:00 P.M. EST. *Applications from eligible Indigenous recipients will be accepted on an ongoing basis. The Active Transportation Fund’s goal is to generate economic, environmental and social benefits for Canadians by increasing the amount, quality and usage of active transportation infrastructure. If you are an eligible recipient with a project that will support a modal shift away from cars and towards active transportation, we invite you to submit your application through the Applicant Portal <https://infrastructure-applicant.canada.ca/en/>. To assist potential applicants in determining eligibility and preparing an application, guidance materials are available on Infrastructure Canada’s website <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/index-eng.html>, including: - General information <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/info-infos-eng.html> on the Active Transportation Fund, which includes applicant and project eligibility requirements; - Answers to Frequently Asked Questions <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/faq-eng.html>; - Instructions on how to apply <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/application-eng.html>, including: - The Applicant Guide <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/application-eng.html#ApplicantGuide>; and - The Step-by-Step Guides <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/application-eng.html#SBS> for submitting an application. Infrastructure Canada will be hosting weekly Webinars for interested potential applicants, beginning on February 2nd, 2022. At these webinar sessions, attendees will be provided with details on applicant and project eligibility, the application process, and the evaluation process. There will also be an opportunity to ask questions. A list of available sessions and links to register are available on the Webinars for Potential Applicants <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/webinar-webinaire-eng.html> page. The Active Transportation Fund team welcomes you to contact us in regard to any questions you may have about the Active Transportation Fund or the application process by sending an email to ATF-FTA(a)infc.gc.ca. Please be advised that we will not be able to provide information on project eligibility until an application is received in full through our project intake process. We wish you a nice and active day, *The Active Transportation Fund Team* Infrastructure Canada ATF-FTA(a)infc.gc.ca *If you would like to be removed from our mailing list, please let us know by responding to this email.* *Les demandes sont maintenant acceptées pour le Fonds pour le transport actif !* Aujourd'hui, l'honorable Dominic LeBlanc, ministre des Affaires intergouvernementales, de l'Infrastructure et des Collectivités, a lancé l'appel de demandes <https://www.canada.ca/fr/bureau-infrastructure/nouvelles/2022/01/le-gouvern…> pour le Fonds pour le transport actif, ainsi que d'autres nouvelles possibilités de financement à l'appui des systèmes de transport en commun. Nous avons le plaisir d'annoncer qu’Infrastructure Canada acceptera les demandes pour les projets de planification et les projets d'immobilisations du Fonds pour le transport actif entre *le 27 janvier 2022 et le 31 mars 2022 (19h00 HNE)*. Les demandes pour les projets de planification et d'immobilisations des bénéficiaires autochtones admissibles seront acceptées de manière continue. Si vous êtes un bénéficiaire admissible avec un projet qui soutiendra un transfert modal de la voiture vers le transport actif, nous vous invitons à soumettre votre demande via le Portail des candidats <https://infrastructure-applicant.canada.ca/fr/>. Pour aider les demandeurs potentiels à déterminer leur admissibilité et à préparer une demande, des documents d'orientation sont disponibles sur le site Web d'Infrastructure Canada <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/index-fra.html>, notamment : - des informations générales <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/info-infos-fra.html> sur le Fonds pour le transport actif, y compris les conditions d'admissibilité des demandeurs et des projets; - des réponses dans la section Foire aux questions <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/faq-fra.html>; et - des instructions sur la façon de déposer une demande <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/application-eng.html>, incluant : - Le Guide du demandeur <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/application-fra.html#Guidedudemandeur> ; et - Les Guides étape par étape <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/application-fra.html#EPE> pour soumettre une demande. Infrastructure Canada organisera des webinaires pour les demandeurs potentiels intéressés, à partir du 2 février 2022. Au cours de ces webinaires, les participants recevront des détails sur l'admissibilité des demandeurs et des projets, le processus de demande et le processus d'évaluation. Une période pour poser des questions sera également allouée. Une liste des sessions disponibles et les liens pour s'inscrire sont disponibles sur la page Web des webinaires pour les demandeurs potentiels <https://www.infrastructure.gc.ca/trans/webinar-webinaire-fra.html>. L'équipe du Fonds pour le transport actif vous invite à nous contacter pour toute question concernant le Fonds pour le transport actif ou le processus de demande en envoyant un courriel à ATF-FTA(a)infc.gc.ca. Veuillez noter que nous ne sommes pas en mesure de fournir des informations sur l'éligibilité d'un projet avant d'avoir reçu une demande complète dans le cadre de l'admission des projets. Nous vous souhaitons une belle journée active, *L’équipe du Fonds pour le transport actif* Infrastructure Canada ATF-FTA(a)infc.gc.ca *Si vous souhaitez être retiré de notre liste de diffusion, veuillez nous le faire savoir en répondant à ce courriel.*

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WFP: Whether he’s playing a symphony or battling the elements on his bike, WSO’s Daniel Perry goes the distance (Jan21'22)
by Beth McKechnie 21 Jan '22

21 Jan '22

Whether he’s playing a symphony or battling the elements on his bike, WSO’s Daniel Perry goes the distance DOUBLE BASS, SOLO RACE https://www.winnipegfreepress.com/arts-and-life/entertainment/music/double-… ONE day in December, the sun had yet to rise, the temperature was -30 C and Daniel Perry decided to go for a 250-kilometre bike ride down a snow-packed trail in rural Wisconsin, with Ritz crackers and granola for sustenance, wearing turkey-roasting bags on his feet. Perry is perfectly sane: 30 years old, he is a section bassist with the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra, an organization he joined at just 22, and he speaks with clarity and patience. He is mindful: most days, he spends some time sprawled out on his mat, following videos of Yoga With Adrienne on YouTube. He is accustomed to precision and he is not one to shy away from a challenge. But most people who seek to challenge themselves take on tasks that are more attainable as to-dos on a list: to eat more salad, to call their mother, to do the dishes before they pile up to “let’s do a few now and a few later” levels. Most people do not drive eight hours southeast to the Tuscobia Trail in Wisconsin in a rented Hyundai Santa Fe, only to emerge and pedal their heart out of their chest for an entire day. Daniel Perry knows how it sounds. Any extreme endurance athlete is often confronted with two types of questions by non-extreme athletes, including newspaper reporters who happen to fit that criterion: hows and whys. How did you get started? Why do you enjoy it? How do you get ready? How do you stay motivated? How does it feel to finish a race 99 per cent of the population would not consider starting? Let’s start with the first how: Perry was raised in Indianapolis, where his father was the principal trumpet in the Indianapolis Symphony Orchestra and where his French-horn-playing mother, who comes from Norway, exposed her kids to skiing and Nordic sports. ‘WINTER exists in Indianapolis, but it’s nowhere near a Manitoba winter,” Perry said. So when he graduated from Indiana University and was accepted into the WSO, he had a slightly different reaction than most Winnipeg transplants. “It was fun to come to Manitoba, where it stayed below freezing and the snow stayed on the ground.” A few years after arriving, Perry, who already was an avid fair-weather cyclist and a volunteer bike mechanic, decided to give the foulest weather a try, signing up at a friend’s suggestion for Actif Epica, an icy annual winter ultra race. He rode from Emerson along the Trans-Canada Trail and ended up at The Forks. “I was hooked.” As much as he enjoyed riding in the summer or spring, Perry found winter racing meditative, much like playing the double bass, an instrument he initially chose to pursue as a child because it was too big to drag with him on vacation. He later came to appreciate the role it plays in the orchestra. “It’s a collaborative instrument,” he says. “It plays a supportive role to a larger concept.” While playing the bass, he must be attuned to every other instrument and to his own. On the bike in the winter, racing for hundreds of kilometres, he gets the rare opportunity to play a solo, and to push his physical and mental capacity to meet the perfection a solo demands. ‘I’M very keen on completing my personal goals,” he says. “In some ways, it’s almost therapeutic management to put myself in these situations. It’s like a trauma response. There are a lot of things in our lives that are very difficult and we don’t always have the choice to be in those situations. These challenges are different: I think there’s something liberating and therapeutic about being there by choice.” And then choosing to get through it. The choice is one requiring commitment: in September, in the lead-up to his race in Wisconsin, Perry began working with cycling coach Nick Bergen, recognizing that, as in his musical pursuits, he could not reach his goals alone. Bergen plans workouts for Perry six days a week: low-endurance rides, core work, reverse squats, upper-arm training, VO2 max (maximal oxygen consumption) workouts, and more intense interval training designed to raise the upper limits of his heart rate. “A lot of people can’t finish those workouts,” Bergen says. “Daniel always does.” “His mental fortitude is bar none,” the coach adds. “He spent his whole life playing music, so this ability to hit the right notes translated to the bicycle. That virtue and devotion to perfection transferred to this intense desire to execute.” But not all orchestra members can do what Perry does. Just ask Meredith Johnson, the WSO’s principal bassist, one of several colleagues — two other bassists, both clarinetists, one of the trombonists — whom Perry, an advocate for active transportation, inspired to commute by bike in winter. (No, Johnson says, he doesn’t carry his bass when he rides; he has one at work.) ‘NOBODY else does what Daniel does,” Johnson laughs when asked if others race. “That is where Daniel is, at least thus far, a breed apart. I go out and ride 40 or 50 kilometres in the winter, not during a race, mind you. I’m not worried about my time. But when I come home, the first thing I think about is how on Earth does he manage 250 kilometres in a competitive environment?” Johnson points to Perry’s winning his job in the WSO at 22, the result of rigorous work and a “fervor.” To audition “is almost like being an athlete. I think Daniel has that singularity of purpose.” The training aside, the dressing routine is in itself an ordeal. Perry squeezes his five-foot-10, 185-pound frame into a pair of padded bike shorts, followed by a merino-wool base layer of upper- and lower-body long johns (he likes wool because of the sustainability of organic matter, but also because it stays warm when wet and doesn’t smell as badly). He then puts on a second pair of shorts as wind protection, followed by a pair of ski pants. Onto his cheeks and nose, he applies kinesiology tape to prevent windburn and frostbite. On his feet, he dons turkey roasting bags between his skin and his socks as a vapour layer; these keep the feet dry and are better than standard bags. Then he puts on wool socks, with toe warmers, followed finally by his boots. Up top, he wears a windproof black balaclava, a merino neck buff, a thin merino cap, a neon soft-shell jacket, his helmet, light and tinted sunglasses. On his hands, he wears latex gloves under soft-shell gloves, which he shoves into his pogies — insulated handle-bar mitts. Inside the pogies, he dumps Ritz crackers and Nature Valley granola bars, because they stay edible past freezing. In Wisconsin, he got dressed in the car, and at 6 a.m., he began the longest winter race of his life on his fat-tired bike. The snow conditions were not great: the powder was fresh and very sticky. “It was a practice in pacing to not get too sweaty,” Perry said. He tried to lower his tire pressure to give himself more traction, but the rear wheel lost too much air. He had to stop to pump. Then, the plastic bags on his feet didn’t properly hold moisture, so his socks got wet. He was already worried about frostbite when the nozzle on his Camelbak water mechanism froze. “I was in a bit of a situation,” he says. Fortunately, he was along a regularly traversed trail, serviced by gas stations along the way. About 50 kilometres in, the balaclava-clad Perry walked into a roadside shop, wearing an N95 face mask, to drink, eat, change socks and buy new Ziploc bags for his feet. “The cashier did not bat an eye.” >From there, it was smoother sailing, aside from a missed checkpoint, which caused Perry some mental and physical fatigue. But he kept riding, averaging 16 km/hr according to his Garmin bike computer. Twenty-one hours after he began, at 3:03 a.m., Perry finished the race, in third place overall out of 167 entrants. It felt similar to finishing an audition, Perry said. “There’s a big rush of achieving, and the flood of positive feelings of finishing something I’ve worked so hard toward, but at the same time, there’s a sadness to it. To be done with it. Almost a bit of aimlessness, because so much of my focus leading up is looking toward it and not about looking past it. He went to a hotel nearby and slept in until the afternoon. He got back in the car, drove back to Winnipeg, and arrived at 9 p.m. to his downtown apartment, where he went to sleep again. ben.waldman(a)winnipegfreepress.com

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Upcoming Webinar: From Complete Streets to Complete Networks: A Data-Driven, Performance-Based, Multimodal Planning Tool
by Beth McKechnie 14 Jan '22

14 Jan '22

---------- Forwarded message --------- From: Maryland Department of Planning <planning(a)info.maryland.gov> Date: Fri, Jan 14, 2022 at 1:23 PM [image: Bookmark and Share] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDAsInVy…> THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 3 AT 1:00 P.M. EST ------------------------------ [image: From Complete Streets to Complete Networks: A Data-Driven, Performance-Based, Multimodal Planning Tool] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDEsInVy…> ------------------------------ >From Complete Streets to Complete Networks: A Data-Driven, Performance-Based, Multimodal Planning Tool *Thursday, February 3 at 1:00 p.m.; EST* *Participants of this live webinar are eligible for 1.5 AICP CM credits.* Moving beyond complete streets to complete networks – entire networks of continuous and connected facilities for transit, bike, auto, freight, and pedestrians – involves conducting a larger review of networks for each mode. Join the Maryland Department of Planning and Smart Growth Network as planners from the Michigan Department of Transportation and Southeast Michigan Council of Governments share a set of tools they have built to evolve the state of the practice for complete streets planning and design. *Find out more and register for this free webinar via the link below.* Register for "From Complete Streets to Complete Networks: A Data-Driven, Performance-Based, Multimodal Planning Tool" <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDIsInVy…> ♦ Upcoming Smart Growth Online Webinars ♦ ------------------------------ [image: Jason Corburn small for social] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDMsInVy…> January 26 at 1:00 p.m. EST Cities for Life: How Communities Can Recover from Trauma and Rebuild for Health Get more information about this webinar <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDQsInVy…> ------------------------------ *Subscribe to Smart Growth Online Weekly Twitter Updates* <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDUsInVy…> *Smart Growth Information Clearinghouse | 410-767-4949 | SmartGrowth.org* [image: SGIC Logo] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDYsInVy…> The Smart Growth Information Clearinghouse is a project of the Smart Growth Network and is partially funded by the U.S. EPA, Office of Community Revitalization, and managed by the Maryland Department of Planning ------------------------------ Smart Growth Information Clearinghouse <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDcsInVy…> Follow us on: Facebook <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDgsInVy…>and Twitter <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMDksInVy…> This service is provided to you at no charge by Maryland Department of Planning <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTIsInVy…> . ------------------------------ [image: GovDelivery logo] <https://lnks.gd/l/eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJidWxsZXRpbl9saW5rX2lkIjoxMTMsInVy…>

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The Deadly Myth That Human Error Causes Most Car Crashes (The Atlantic)
by Beth McKechnie 13 Jan '22

13 Jan '22

The Deadly Myth That Human Error Causes Most Car Crashes Every year thousands of Americans die on the roads. Individuals take the blame for systemic problems. By David Zipper <https://www.theatlantic.com/author/david-zipper/> More than 20,000 people died on American roadways <https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-business-health-transportat…> from January to June, the highest total for the first half of any year since 2006 <https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/-crisis-road-fatalities-hit-15-year-hi…>. U.S. road fatalities have risen by more than 10 percent <https://injuryfacts.nsc.org/motor-vehicle/historical-fatality-trends/deaths…> over the past decade, even as they have fallen across most of the developed world. In the European Union <https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/qanda_20_1004>, whose population is one-third larger than America’s, traffic deaths dropped by 36 percent between 2010 and 2020, to 18,800 <https://ec.europa.eu/commission/presscorner/detail/en/IP_21_1767>. That downward trend is no accident: European regulators have pushed <https://www.euroncap.com/en/vehicle-safety/the-ratings-explained/vulnerable…> carmakers to build vehicles that are safer for pedestrians and cyclists, and governments regularly adjust road designs <http://www.welivevisionzero.com/vision-zero/> after a crash to reduce the likelihood of recurrence. But in the United States, the responsibility for road safety largely falls on the individual sitting behind the wheel, or riding a bike, or crossing the street. American transportation departments, law-enforcement agencies, and news outlets frequently maintain that most crashes—indeed, 94 percent of them, according to the most widely circulated statistic—are solely due to human error. Blaming the bad decisions of road users implies that nobody else could have prevented them. That enables car companies to deflect attention from their decisions to add heft and height to the SUVs and trucks that make up an ever-larger portion <https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/21/business/suv-sales-best-sellers.html> of vehicle sales, and it allows traffic engineers to escape scrutiny for dangerous street designs. The recently passed infrastructure bill will encourage some safety improvements, including technology to prevent drunk people from operating a car <https://about.bgov.com/news/automakers-pushed-to-fight-drunk-driving-in-inf…> and better crash tests to address risk to people outside a vehicle <https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-06/u-s-new-car-safety-ratin…>. Yet even as the federal government prepares to shovel out hundreds of billions of dollars for roadwork, Americans’ fundamental misconception of traffic deaths as merely a profusion of individual mistakes will go largely uncorrected. In 2015, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, a branch of the U.S. Department of Transportation, published a two-page memo <https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812115>declaring that “the critical reason, which is the last event in the crash causal chain, was assigned to the driver in 94% of the crashes.” The memo, which was based on the NHTSA’s own analysis of crashes, then offered a key caveat: “Although the critical reason is an important part of the description of events leading up to the crash, it is not intended to be interpreted as the cause of the crash.” To understand what the NHTSA was trying to say, imagine the following scenario: It’s a foggy day, and the driver of an SUV is traveling along a road at the posted speed limit of 40 miles per hour. The limit then drops to 25 as the road approaches a town—but the road’s lanes do not narrow (which would naturally compel a driver to apply the brakes), and the lone sign announcing the lower speed limit is partially obstructed. Oblivious to the change, the driver keeps traveling at 40. As he enters the town, a pedestrian crosses the road at an intersection without a stoplight. The driver strikes the pedestrian. By the federal government’s definition, the “critical reason” for this hypothetical crash—the last event in the causal chain—is the error made by the driver who was speeding at the time of the collision. Almost certainly, the police will hold him responsible. But that overlooks many other factors: The foggy weather obscured the driver’s vision; flawed traffic engineering failed to compel him to slow down as he approached the intersection; the SUV’s weight made the force of the impact much greater than a sedan’s would have been. The authors of the 2015 NHTSA report were aware of such contributing factors. But their disclaimer that the “critical reason” for a crash is not the same as the “cause” has been largely ignored. Even a page on the agency’s own website <https://www.nhtsa.gov/technology-innovation/automated-vehicles-safety> whittles the message down to “94% of serious crashes are due to human error.” Seeking to find a single cause for a crash is a fundamentally flawed approach to road safety, but it underpins much of American traffic enforcement and crash prevention. After a collision, police file a report, noting who violated traffic laws and generally ignoring factors like road and vehicle design. Insurance companies, too, are structured to hold someone accountable. Drivers aren’t the only ones who face such judgments. Following a crash, a pedestrian might be blamed for crossing a street where there is no crosswalk (even if the nearest one is a quarter mile away), and a cyclist might be cited for not wearing a helmet (although a protected bike lane would have prevented the crash entirely). News stories reinforce these narratives, with stories limited to the driver who was speeding or the pedestrian who crossed against the light. Indeed, journalists have disseminated the misleading 94 percent line on influential platforms including *The Wall Street Journal* <https://www.wsj.com/articles/teslas-push-to-build-a-self-driving-car-sparks…> , *ABC News* <https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/study-autonomous-vehicles-make-…>, and *The Washington Post* <https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/trafficandcommuting/more-people-died-i…>. Research institutions such as the University of Michigan <https://www.nhtsa.gov/technology-innovation/automated-vehicles-safety>and the University of Idaho <https://www.uidaho.edu/engr/programs/cybersecurity/osama-al-qahtani> have done it too. Even former Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao has helped sow <https://fortune.com/2017/02/26/trump-self-driving-car-guidance/> confusion, as have transportation departments in states such as Illinois <https://idot.illinois.gov/dms-contest>, Utah <https://twitter.com/UtahDOT/status/1118995407407681536>, and Texas <https://twitter.com/txdot/status/1291148224120541184>. “The 94 percent line is a repeated reference at almost every state [department of transportation] conference I’ve ever attended,” Jennifer Homendy, the chair of the National Transportation Safety Board, told me. When the Michigan DOT spokesman Jeff Cranson speculated in a 2019 podcast <https://www.michigan.gov/mdot/0,4616,7-151-9620-514462--,00.html> that human error is actually responsible for more than 95 percent of crashes, the Michigan State University engineering professor Timothy Gates responded, “Yeah, I would agree with that, there’s very few crashes caused by a vehicle defect or road defect, a lot of it really is human error.” That’s a convenient perspective for engineers designing vehicles and roads. And if the buck stops with the driver, automakers feel less pressure to make lifesaving safety features standard across their models—which many of them do not. Last year, *Consumer Reports* found <https://www.autonews.com/commentary/expensive-vehicle-safety-tech-out-reach…> that the average vehicle buyer would have to pay $2,500 for a blind-spot-detection system. Pedestrian-detection technology was standard on 13 of the 15 most popular vehicle models—but unavailable on one and part of a $16,000 optional package on another. With responsibility falling on those directly involved in a crash, it’s unsurprising that so many highway-safety efforts revolve around education campaigns, assuming that if people were just more careful, we’d all be okay. Officials at the NHTSA and state DOTs pour millions of dollars into these programs, but their benefits seem modest at best <https://www.mdpi.com/2313-576X/7/4/66/htm>. Officials “see their role as trying to cajole people on the roads to make smarter decisions,” Seth LaJeunesse, a senior research associate at the University of North Carolina’s Highway Safety Research Center, told me. “Wear a seat belt, don’t be drunk when driving, and signal appropriately. I think it’s misguided. After all, who’s going to address structural problems, if it’s just people being stupid out there on the road?” For now, the idea that human error causes nearly all crashes is a useful talking point for the makers of autonomous-vehicle technology, which supposedly will prevent such mistakes. Companies including General Motors, Google, and the start-up Aurora have touted the 94 percent statistic in promotional materials <https://www.gm.com/stories/self-driving-cars>, press statements <https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2015/12/16/google-disappointed-by-…>, and even SEC filings <https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/0001828108/000119312521259457/filen…>. But, as the Carnegie Mellon University engineering professor Phil Koopman has pointed out <http://safeautonomy.blogspot.com/2018/06/a-reality-check-on-94-percent-huma…>, autonomous systems will make their own errors on the road. He does not expect AVs to reduce crashes by more than 50 percent, even in a best-case scenario. And an all-autonomous driving future is still at least decades away, suggesting that AVs will not reverse the growing death toll on American roads for many years to come—if they ever do. With the infrastructure bill now signed into law, the federal government has a chance to rethink its approach and messaging. Dumping the dangerous 94 percent myth would be a good start; deemphasizing pointless traffic-safety PR campaigns would help too. Encouraging state and local transportation agencies—not just law enforcement—to investigate crashes, which New York City <https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2021/03/25/passed-city-council-establishes-dot-…> is now doing, would be even better. What we need most is a reexamination of how carmakers, traffic engineers, and community members—as well as the traveling public—together bear responsibility for saving some of the thousands of lives lost annually on American roadways. Blaming human error alone is convenient, but it places all Americans in greater danger. https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/11/deadly-myth-human-error-c… David Zipper <https://www.theatlantic.com/author/david-zipper/> is a Visiting Fellow at the Harvard Kennedy School's Taubman Center for State and Local Government. He writes frequently about the future of urban mobility and technology.

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Even as they age, US millennials are driving less than older generations
by Beth McKechnie 12 Jan '22

12 Jan '22

US millennials are slowing their roll when it comes to car travel. A new study <https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0965856421003165?via…!> published in the peer-reviewed journal *Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice *found a wide generational divide in the daily driving habits of adult Americans. Millennials (those born between 1981 and 1996) are driving 8% less than Gen X (1965 to 1980), and 9% less than younger baby boomers (1956 and 1964). Full article: https://qz.com/2109753/us-millennials-drive-less-than-older-generations/

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